{"id":19780,"date":"2025-07-24T05:42:18","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T22:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trungvu.net\/?p=19780"},"modified":"2025-07-24T05:46:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T22:46:25","slug":"vat-lieu-che-tao-ten-lua-chiu-duoc-nhiet-do-mat-troi-cua-nga-buoc-tien-dot-pha-trong-cong-nghe-khong-gian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trungvu.net\/wordpress\/vat-lieu-che-tao-ten-lua-chiu-duoc-nhiet-do-mat-troi-cua-nga-buoc-tien-dot-pha-trong-cong-nghe-khong-gian\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Ch\u1ebf T\u1ea1o T\u00ean L\u1eeda Ch\u1ecbu \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi C\u1ee7a Nga: B\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1 Trong C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u00f4ng Gian"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Nga \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda, t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bay \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u00e2m. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 4.000\u00b0C, g\u1ea7n ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi (kho\u1ea3ng 5.500\u00b0C).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/trungvu.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/IMG_7948.png\" alt=\"V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Ch\u1ebf T\u1ea1o T\u00ean L\u1eeda Ch\u1ecbu \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi C\u1ee7a Nga: B\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1 Trong C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u00f4ng Gian\" class=\"wp-image-19781\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trungvu.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/IMG_7948.png 512w, https:\/\/trungvu.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/IMG_7948-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/trungvu.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/IMG_7948-105x105.png 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Ch\u1ebf T\u1ea1o T\u00ean L\u1eeda Ch\u1ecbu \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Nhi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed9 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi C\u1ee7a Nga: B\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1 Trong C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Kh\u00f4ng Gian<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201csi\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t\u201d t\u1eeb c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Nga<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Nga (Vi\u1ec7n NII), ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Roscosmos, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cacbua hafnium v\u00e0 nitride tantalum \u2013 hai trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cacbua Hafnium (HfC): \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ~3.958\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nitride Tantalum (TaN): C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u1ee3p kim t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p HfC-TaN: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Nga ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite nano c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ch\u1ecbu ma s\u00e1t cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t khi v\u00e0o\/ra kh\u1ecfi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 carbon-carbon composite t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong t\u00e0u con thoi M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nga d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y trong:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u00e2m (hypersonic warheads) nh\u01b0 Avangard<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t (heat shield) cho t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c t\u1ea7m cao v\u00e0 si\u00eau t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng plasma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00f9 M\u1ef9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, nh\u01b0ng Nga l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u1ef9 t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon-carbon composite trong t\u00e0u con thoi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ee3p kim zirconium ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao cho \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n DF-ZF<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nga hi\u1ec7n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng g\u1ed1m composite nano v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean 4.200\u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed si\u00eau thanh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Nga m\u1edf ra k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi \u2013 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u00e2m th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo. D\u00f9 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0a Nga tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Nga \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda, t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bay \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u00e2m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[780],"tags":[2359,1710,2357,2358,860,2355,2356],"class_list":["post-19780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tvn-hom-nay","tag-cong-nghe-khong-gian","tag-dot-pha","tag-nhiet-do-mat-troi","tag-sieu-vuot-am","tag-ten-lua-nga","tag-vat-lieu-che-tao","tag-vat-lieu-ten-lua"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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